Chest pain

Chest pain can be a symptom of a heart attack. Find out the common causes of chest pain, when to be concerned and what to do if you have chest pain.

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Angina

Angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually comes on during physical activity. Here's how to recognise angina and what to do about it.

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Pericarditis

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the thin membrane around your heart. Read more about pericarditis symptoms, treatments and causes.

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Costochondritis

Costochondritis is inflammation of the cartilage that joins your ribs to your breastbone. Learn how you can reduce the pain of costochondritis.

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Troponin blood test

Troponin blood tests can help work out if your heart muscle is damaged due to a heart attack. Read about troponin blood tests and when they are used.

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Heart attack symptoms: males vs females

Find out about the differences in heart attack symptoms between males and females, and about what can increase your risk of having a heart attack.

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Aortic stenosis

Read about aortic stenosis, a condition where the aortic heart valve narrows - making it hard for the heart to pump blood through.

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Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is a condition that affects your heart muscle. Find out about the different types of cardiomyopathy, symptoms and treatments.

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Electrocardiogram (ECG)

To find out how well your heart is working, your doctor may ask you to have an electrocardiogram (ECG). Learn more about it and why you may need an ECG.

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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a blood disorder that increases the risk of blood clots and pregnancy complications. Learn more here.

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Calcium channel blockers (CCB)

Find out what the most common types of calcium channel blockers are used for, how they work and any side effects associated with taking them.

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Pleurisy

Pleurisy is when the lining of your lungs becomes inflamed. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatments for pleurisy, and when to see your doctor.

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Heart attack

Acting fast when you notice the warning signs of a heart attack could save a life. Here's how to recognise the symptoms of a heart attack.

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Mitral valve surgery

Mitral valve disease can cause pain, shortness of breath and eventually death. Mitral valve surgery can relieve your pain, improve your breathing and energy levels, and may help you to live longer.

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Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) can cause episodes of fast heartbeat, or tachycardia. Learn more here about the symptoms and treatments for WPW.

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Pulmonary embolism

A pulmonary embolism is serious. If a blood clot gets stuck in your lungs it can cause problems with your heart and breathing. Learn the symptoms.

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Heart palpitations

When you have palpitations you are suddenly aware of your heartbeat. Read about the causes, related symptoms and what to do if you have palpitations.

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Pleural effusion

A pleural effusion is a build-up of fluid in the space around your lungs. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatment for pleural effusion.

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Hiatus hernia

A hiatus hernia is where a part of the stomach pushes up through a gap in the diaphragm. Read on about symptoms and treatment options.

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GORD (reflux)

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is caused by stomach acid rising in your food pipe. Learn more about symptoms and treatments for GORD.

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Sniffing (inhalants)

Inhalants are chemical substances that release fumes or vapours. Some people inhale these fumes to feel high. There is no safe level of inhalant use.

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Heart failure

Heart failure is when the heart struggles to pump enough blood. The diagnosis can be overwhelming, but it’s possible to live well with this condition.

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Coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as 'coronary artery disease', causes angina and heart attacks. Learn how to reduce your risk of CHD.

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Heartburn

Heartburn is a feeling of burning pain or discomfort in the chest due to acid reflux. Find out about the triggers for heartburn and how to relieve it.

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Cardiovascular exercise

Discover the essentials of cardiovascular exercise, its health benefits, and practical tips for safe and effective workouts.

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Coronary angiogram

A coronary angiogram is an x-ray used to see whether a person has a certain type of heart disease. See here how the procedure is carried out.

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Neck pain

Neck pain is a common condition that can affect anyone. Neck pain can have different causes. Learn what can cause neck pain and how to treat it here.

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Calf pain

Calf pain is often caused by muscle strain or cramps due to exercise, dehydration or mineral deficiency. But it can signal something more serious.

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Cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating, usually due to an electrical problem with the heart. Performing CPR and defibrillation in time can be lifesaving.

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Haemoptysis (coughing up blood)

Haemoptysis (hemoptysis) is when you cough up blood from your lungs or airways. Read about the causes and when to seek emergency help for haemoptysis.

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